Xiangdong Cheng is a chief physician, doctoral supervisor, and Secretary of the Party Committee of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, the affiliated cancer hospital of the Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He directs the Zhejiang research center for the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal tumors.

His clinical and translational research focuses on gastric cancer, including early screening, mechanisms of metastasis, conversion therapy for advanced disease, and treatment approaches combining Chinese and Western medicine. His work on conversion therapy includes phase II clinical studies, with related findings incorporated into Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines.

He has led national and provincial research projects and published in journals including Molecular Cancer and Cell Communication and Signaling. His work has received provincial awards for scientific and technological progress and research in Chinese medicine.